Wall hacking is a common renovation activity in Singapore, especially in residential properties where homeowners seek to optimize space or create a more open-concept layout. However, due to the structural nature of walls and the potential safety implications, wall hacking is strictly regulated. If you’re planning a renovation that involves altering, removing, or partially hacking walls, it’s important to understand the rules, processes, and best practices involved.
This guide provides a comprehensive overview of wall hacking in Singapore, covering key regulations, approval processes, safety measures, and expert recommendations to help you carry out your renovation legally and efficiently.
1. What Is Wall Hacking?
Wall hacking refers to the act of demolishing, cutting, or altering existing walls in a property. It can range from minor works such as creating wall openings to full removal of non-load-bearing partitions. Wall hacking is commonly performed for purposes like:
- Merging two rooms to create a larger space
- Installing openings for windows, doors, or air-conditioning units
- Removing unnecessary partitions to improve layout flow
- Replacing solid walls with glass panels or sliding doors
Despite its practicality, wall hacking must be done carefully to avoid compromising structural integrity and to comply with local building codes.
2. Types of Walls in Singapore Homes
Before any hacking work begins, it’s important to understand the type of wall you’re dealing with. In Singapore, walls typically fall into two categories:
a) Non-Load-Bearing Walls
These are partition walls that do not support the weight of the building. Hacking or modifying non-load-bearing walls is generally permissible with approval.
b) Load-Bearing Walls
These walls support the structure above and are critical to a building’s integrity. Hacking these walls is strictly prohibited in most cases, as it may compromise the safety of the entire structure.
Knowing the difference is crucial, and a qualified contractor or structural engineer can help determine the type of wall involved in your project.
3. Regulations and Approvals Required
Wall hacking in Singapore is regulated by the Building and Construction Authority (BCA) and, for public housing, by the Housing and Development Board (HDB). Unauthorized wall hacking can lead to fines, mandatory reinstatement, or even legal action.
a) For HDB Flats
- All wall hacking works require prior approval from HDB.
- HDB maintains a list of approved contractors who are licensed to carry out such work.
- Structural walls (typically thicker walls) cannot be hacked.
- Floor plans must be submitted, and approval is typically granted within 2-3 weeks.
- Post-renovation inspections may be required to ensure compliance.
b) For Private Properties
- Approval from BCA and possibly the Management Corporation Strata Title (MCST) is needed for condominiums.
- Depending on the extent of the work, you may also need to engage a Professional Engineer (PE) to assess and certify the structural safety of the hacking.
- Notification or permit application may be required before commencement.
4. Steps to Get Approval for Wall Hacking
- Engage a Qualified Contractor
Ensure the contractor is experienced in wall hacking and familiar with local regulations. For HDB flats, they must be HDB-registered. - Submit Floor Plan
Provide existing and proposed floor plans showing the wall to be hacked. - Seek Formal Approval
- For HDB flats, submit applications through the HDB Renovation Permit system.
- For condos or private homes, seek approval from MCST and submit documentation to BCA if needed.
- Post-Approval Work
Upon receiving the green light, work can begin. The contractor must follow the approved design and avoid deviations. - Inspection
After completion, an inspection may be conducted to ensure the changes comply with safety standards.
5. Best Practices for Safe Wall Hacking
a) Always Check Wall Type
Do not attempt to hack a wall without first verifying whether it’s load-bearing. This is essential to prevent accidents or structural damage.
b) Use Proper Tools and Techniques
Wall hacking involves noisy and dusty work. Contractors should use professional-grade equipment, dust barriers, and safety gear to minimize disruption.
c) Notify Neighbors
As hacking can be disruptive, it’s courteous to inform neighbors in advance and schedule works during permitted renovation hours.
d) Adhere to Noise Control Rules
Renovation noise is regulated under the Environmental Protection and Management Act. Avoid noisy works during weekends, public holidays, or after designated hours.
e) Plan for Disposal
Proper disposal of hacked debris should be arranged with a licensed waste disposal contractor. Avoid illegal dumping or overloading common property areas.
6. Common Mistakes to Avoid
- Hacking before approval: Always wait for official clearance before starting any wall hacking activity.
- Hiring unqualified contractors: Inexperienced workers may misidentify wall types or cause structural damage.
- Ignoring waterproofing layers: Especially in bathrooms and kitchens, hacking walls may compromise waterproofing if not handled carefully.
- Failing to check concealed services: Electrical wiring, plumbing, or gas lines may run through walls. Damaging these can be dangerous and costly.
7. Alternatives to Wall Hacking
If full wall removal is not feasible due to structural or regulatory constraints, consider these alternatives:
- Creating openings or arches: Partial hacking can still improve space flow without full demolition.
- Installing glass partitions: Replace solid walls with glass for an open feel without structural changes.
- Sliding or folding panels: These offer flexibility between open and closed spaces without permanent structural modification.
8. Costs Involved in Wall Hacking
The cost of wall hacking in Singapore typically depends on:
- Size of the wall
- Type of material (brick, concrete, drywall)
- Disposal of debris
- Approval and permit processing
For a standard non-load-bearing wall, expect to pay between S$200 to S$600 per wall, including hacking and haulage. Additional costs apply if post-hacking repairs (like plastering, painting, or tiling) are needed.
9. Conclusion
Wall hacking in Singapore offers an effective way to reconfigure your living or working space, but it must be done in accordance with strict regulations to ensure safety and compliance. Always identify the type of wall, obtain the necessary approvals, and work with qualified professionals who understand the requirements.
By following these best practices for wall hacking, you can achieve a more functional and modern layout while staying within the legal and safety framework set by local authorities. Thoughtful planning and proper execution are key to a successful renovation project that adds value and comfort to your home.